Describe the strategic development of Toyota. In doing so relate the Essay

Depict the key advancement of Toyota. In doing so relate the turn of events and systems of the association to the relevent business convention in which it has created - Essay Example Toyotas logo was set up in 1936. (History of Toyota) The current Toyota Company has begun as a division of Toyoda Automatic Loom Works gave in 1933 to the creation of vehicles under the bearing of Kiichiro Toyoda. The name, Toyota, has taken rather than Toyoda so as to isolate the specific name of the author from the organization name. Additionally Toyota is anything but difficult to articulate than Toyoda and furthermore it takes eight strokes to write in Japanese, is viewed as more fortunate than Toyoda. (Toyota corporate history) It has begun with A1 traveler vehicles and later moved to G1 trucks in 1935, as a result of the underlying disappointments in vehicle producing. Toyota Motor Co. was built up as an autonomous and separate organization in 1937. The underlying history of the organization was hardly any reassuring. The US vehicles were overwhelmed in car industry till the underlying phases of 1970s. The 1973 oil emergency has filled in as a gift to Toyota as an ever increasing number of clients focused on the little vehicle industry to spare fuel. The Americans were keen on huge extravagance vehicles till the oil emergency while Toyota focused more on efficiency vehicles. They have investigated a great deal in assembling efficiency little vehicles while the American vehicle makers like General Motors focused more on greater costly ones. At the point when the oil emergency has begun in 1973, Toyota had as of now the innovation promptly accessible for them to create financial vehicles while the Americans compelled to grow new advancements to fabricate monetary little vehicles. Along these lines from 1973 onwards Toyota, gradually began to catch the world market. â€Å"By 1955, Toyota was making 8,400 vehicles for each year; by 1965, 600,000 vehicles for every year. Toyota set up a central station in Hollywood in 1957; the principal Toyota vehicle enrolled in the United States was a 1958 Toyopet, sold in 1958†. (Toyota history: corporate and car) â€Å"In 1959, the organization opened its first plant outside Japan - in Brazil.† (Toyota history:

Mikhail Veller. Collected Works. Vol 2. Adventures of Major Zvyagin Review Essay Example

Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Undertakings of Major Zvyagin Review Paper Exposition on Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Experiences of Major Zvyagin All individuals are known to have been made for bliss, similar to a winged animal to fly. Just here for reasons unknown, not all ends up being glad. Furthermore, what do you do to them, clod, at death's door, disliked, appalling? If you don't mind allude to the previous major of clinical help, and now the specialist emergency vehicle Zvyagin. Fulfilling individuals his interest. He can do everything. He is equipped for everything. Rebuff, if the state can not rebuff the previous killer or sustained by it (Zvyagin, yet at the same time by methods for the state) criminal. Recuperate if specialists denied sad youngsters with malignancy or lower the heavy drinker. Figure out how to cherish and be adored, if a young lady or never took a gander at you, or dismiss in nauseate. Upgrading your appearance, if nobody discovers you delightful Treat, and he, having figured a couple of days will uncover to you the significance of life In reality, one some of the time thinks:.. That would be somebody something made me. Gracious, I would have at that point! In any case, that is horrendous what Zvyagin isn't intrigued what you need. He definitely knows you what you need. Accept the job of God, he makes his own reality, negligent of the reality, which leads dorgu cleared with honest goals. It damages all statutes, making their own guidelines for progress. We will compose a custom article test on Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Undertakings of Major Zvyagin Review explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Undertakings of Major Zvyagin Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Undertakings of Major Zvyagin Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Try not to consider it and Michael Weller. He is enchanted with the manner in which he made the hero. It appears that he is Zvyagin from the writing. I wonder whether the author considers however at some point that writing no guidelines for use? That it can not be so exceptional? This isn't news coverage! Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Experiences of Major Zvyagin Review Essay Example Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Experiences of Major Zvyagin Review Paper Article on Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Experiences of Major Zvyagin This book exhorted me to peruse my neighbor. He took her in his arms and took a gander at the title, to the joy didn't come. From the start, it was felt that it would be a fighters stories have happened since the heroic Major or about any issues GBshnyh looked in the Soviet Union. However, from the primary page to discover that no major Zvyagin and emergency vehicle specialist. Significant he was quite a while back. Be that as it may, his experience not an undertaking. The writer guarantees that the book: This book the study of triumph and to accomplish any objective in our customary conditionsâ » The book comprises of 9 sections.. Furthermore, each head is a different story with new characters. Every ha its own concern: one heavy drinker, revolting second, third has disease, the fourth left love What's more, the bold Major searches out his lost confidence in these people groups lives and places them on the correct way throughout everyday life.. Interests have a neg to help individuals. What's more, everybody he pounded the man the maker of your fate. It makes these individuals around to hear him. Furthermore, heres the principal Catch 22. Very outsiders handily let him into your life and start to move to his tune. Our shrewd Zvyagin thought of them what to do lodgings, and records, where arrangements of purposes of how to carry on. Furthermore, when his little cats asked him an inquiry: Who gave you the option to deal with our predetermination, he says. Im simply more astute and more grounded than youâ » We will compose a custom exposition test on Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Experiences of Major Zvyagin Review explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Undertakings of Major Zvyagin Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Mikhail Veller. Gathered Works. Vol 2. Undertakings of Major Zvyagin Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The book is anything but difficult to peruse. Intriguing and now and again amusing stories in which there is all adoration, murder, family connections. And all would do if the creator isn't stuck in the preamble Zvyagina philosophical considerations about the significance of life. Thus crude that read basically exhausting. Peruse or not you choose. To peruse on the sea shore or in elektrchke book will fit, yet something profound from it don't pause.

Checking in with EA Applicants

Checking in with EA Applicants Hey there, Early Action Applicant, I just saw Chris post about EA decisions being released next week. And I wanted to check in. If you dont read past this paragraph, just remember one thing: your admissions decision does not in any way reflect your worth. A negative decision does not negate your abilities, accomplishments, and dreams. It doesnt mean you werent good enough for MIT. Like, for real, its not about that at all. A positive decision doesnt guarantee you success, or even lead you to successyou do. MITs nuclear reactor will not give you special powers. Sometimes, students here live for weeks on a deadline-to-deadline schedule, so its hard to take advantage of all the opportunities. Its hard anywhere to achieve your dreams. Its going to be a tough week. Dont feel embarrassed about being anxious, or worry that youre worrying too much. As Ive written before, no oneknows if theyre going to get in (relevant fun fact: MIT doesnt do legacy admissions). So if it helps, think about all the other EA applicants, thousands of them, anticipating the decision with you. A special kind of anxiety is reserved for college decisions (I still remember it well). Good news: next week, at Tau time, you will get instantaneous relief from it. Finally! Ill give you a preliminary reading list of helpful blog posts below, but before that, here are two things that I found most compelling to show you why MIT is not the goal. From The New York Times, Why College Rankings Are a Joke, the external proof that you can do awesome things anywhere. And from a 50 Reflections post from Ben Jones, the Blogfather: 7. I have a list of all the applicants whose stories really changed my life. Every so often I google them to see what theyre up to. I have yet to be disappointed. 8. Some of them didnt get admitted to MIT. Heres what you should read this week (arranged by admission officer class year). Some of these posts are kind of tear-jerkers (they were for me at least), but they will hopefully show you that we care, we meaning both the students and the admissions officers. We care, and we think youre great. Here are 10 people confirming that an admissions decision does not define your worth. I included excerpts from some of the posts, but you should read the full pieces. Also, you should really go through the blog archives to the posts from mid-December. Theres a post every year for EA Applicants like you. Its More Than a Job by Ben Jones I come home each night and tell my wife over dinner how lucky I am, because I never seem to pick boring applications out of the pile. In fact, I tell her, Im inspired enough by the stories I read to think that the world might actually turn out to be okay after all. In March I go into committee with my colleagues, having narrowed down my top picks to a few hundred people. My colleagues have all done the same. Then the numbers come in: this years admit rate will be 13%. For every student you admit, you need to let go of seven others. Of my many favorites this year, there were a few who really got to me, and when they didnt get in, the tears came. Some would call me foolish for getting this wrapped up in the job, but honestly, I couldnt do this job if I disconnected myself from the human component of it. Its my job to present you to the committee; if your dream of being at MIT didnt become my dream on some small level, then really, why am I doing this at all? Others would disagree, but then, others arent me. Bleary-Eyed by Mike Yang 05 The tears then turned to sadness sadness that many of my favorites would not get admitted, and for all the work and effort that was put into the admissions process, wed be able to say yes to so few. Sleep was no relief I tossed and turned all night, as vivid dreams of applicants and admissions decisions continued to flow through my head as my subconscious recounted the days passed and worried about the days to come. Did we admit that kid? What happened to that other person? Did he make it through committee? I hope theres room for her So many of you have poured so much of yourselves, your time, and your energy into the application and the process, and I want you to know that regardless of the outcome, none of that goes to waste. We are all better for having read and heard your stories. So again, I thank you and applaud you all. In Praise of Holistic Admissions by Chris Peterson As Booker T. Washington wrote: Success is to be measured not so much by the positions that one has reached in life, as by the obstacles one has overcome trying to succeed. The idea is best understood with a metaphor drawn from my favorite sport of football: MIT isnt the end zone. Its where you get the ball when you start the next drive. I Challenge You by Anna H. 14 The process of making what you can from a situation doesnt require a specific setting. I would never suggest that its easy to recreate an MIT experience (whatever that even means) because I know that youd never believe me. But I will venture to challenge every one of you those who are admitted, and those who are not to concentrate on what you wanted out of an MIT experience when you applied. Hopefully, it was more than the chance to physically walk down a specific hallway, or take a specific class taught by a specific person. I trust that there were clubs you wanted to join, fields you wanted to explore, dreams you wanted to realize. I challenge you to bring your plans and dreams with you, wherever you end up: to resist abandoning them because youve been accepted and your life is complete, or because youve been rejected and your life is over. To make them happen, wherever you go. You are guaranteed to meet hurdles and obstacles on the way to getting what you want out of college. Not because of where you are, but because of who you are, I challenge you to climb over them, dig through them, beat them down, and not allow yourself to be defined by the school you attend. Reference Frames by Emad T. 14 Now, set one here, at this moment in time. Do you know how hard youve worked up until now? Do you know what youve seen, what you did, how far youve come, and how much youve grown as a result? If you were admitted, you might be thinking, Yes, and it paid off. If you werent, you might respond, Well, what good was it for? If youre on the waitlist, you might not even know. Being accepted, rejected, or waitlisted isnt the end of anything but a phase, which will ultimately pale in comparison to what awaits. Just remember: every one of you worked hard, and you were all exceptional at what you loved to do. Thats why you applied here, why you were seriously considered. Youve touched the hearts and souls of more than one admissions officer here at MIT. If you can do that to just a handful of people, imagine what you can do for the world. Youd know this much better than what I would. Your lives embody persistence, resilience, curiosity, boldness, and hard work. Youve faced moments of uncertainty, and yet youve found great opportunities in them. Youve met challenges, setbacks, and resistance, and in spite of that, youve still achieved in many ways. Youre stressed. by Anna H. 14 Weve been there, too. by Danny B.-D. 15 I was a bit fixated on MIT by this point, and No, hold up. Thats a lie. I was kind of a lot fixated. And I was able to keep it under the surface, until I got that email the week before decisions. I remember my stomach threatening to drop characteristically as I read it. And oddly, I dont really remember much else of that week, other than a general sense of terror-excitement. If youre sitting there, reading this with something between butterflies and hornets, I encourage you to stand up, shut off your communication devices, make a playlist, and go out for a long walk. Your air may not be as crisp, and your decisions are released earlier than ours were, but Im willing to bet that some fresh air and a fresh perspective would do you some good. Dear Prospective 2020s by Ceri R. 16 Youre going to be okay. It may not feel like it right now, if youre a bundle of nerves and it feels like your future is riding on this EA decision. It may not feel like it if you get in, and youre not 100% sure this is the right school for you but you have external pressures to comMIT. It may not feel like it if you get deferred or rejected, and your confidence is shattered and your heart is bruised and you need to pick yourself up and redraw your lifes trajectory for the next couple of months. But its true; you will be okay. Take some time today (and every day) to breathe, to talk to someone you care about about their day or yours. Remember there is life outside a college decision, or a career decision, or any one email. Try to be present in your current life, and try to remember to take care of yourself because you cant keep pushing that into the future. Ive tried, and its not pretty. Coping with Anxiety by Rachel D. 16 An Open Letter to MIT Applicants by Ceri R. 16 Promise me you wont worry about other applicants or what other people say about how impossible your dreams are or application stereotypes. Dont allow MIT to become an all-consuming dream because people can have just as enriching college experiences elsewhere. Some of my very fondest college memories have been drinking tea and talking with my friend at Brown, believe it or not, since the MIT bubble can become stifling after a while. You will find your community of people, as long as you have the courage to go looking for them. Life works in crazy ways so, please, dont panic. 3 I Was Deferred by Rachel D. 16 My Two Cents by Erick P. 17 Dear Applicant by Yuliya K. 18 Dont Worry. Really, Dont. In the end, you dont pick a college, but the college picks you, and the selection often has little to do with your merits as a learner and a person. I discovered this from rejections. It became clear in those sombre moments that what I had assumed about myself and the rejecting college was wrong. We were not, in fact, meant to be. Im at MIT now, and Ive met more kindred spirits than ever before. Here, I am certain to receive support and resources for collaboration. When you are choosing, dear Applicant, do it not because of the excellent programs, but because of the people who will help you reach your full potential. Eventually, you will find the perfect fit. If not, try again. Dear High School Senior by Fiona M. 20 (Chalk masterpiece from the Harvard Square MayFair) Post Tagged #Early Action

Milgrim - 1434 Words

For Milgrams other well-known experiment, see Small world experiment. The experimenter (E) orders the teacher (T), the subject of the experiment, to give what the latter believes are painful electric shocks to a learner (L), who is actually an actor and confederate. The subject believes that for each wrong answer, the learner was receiving actual electric shocks, though in reality there were no such punishments. Being separated from the subject, the confederate set up a tape recorder integrated with the electro-shock generator, which played pre-recorded sounds for each shock level.[1] The Milgram experiment on obedience to authority figures was a series of social psychology experiments conducted by Yale University psychologist†¦show more content†¦If correct, the teacher would read the next word pair.[1] The subjects believed that for each wrong answer, the learner was receiving actual shocks. In reality, there were no shocks. After the confederate was separated from the subject, the confederate set up a tape recorder integrated with the electro-shock generator, which played pre-recorded sounds for each shock level. After a number of voltage level increases, the actor started to bang on the wall that separated him from the subject. After several times banging on the wall and complaining about his heart condition, all responses by the learner would cease.[1] At this point, many people indicated their desire to stop the experiment and check on the learner. Some test subjects paused at 135 volts and began to question the purpose of the experiment. Most continued after being assured that they would not be held responsible. A few subjects began to laugh nervously or exhibit other signs of extreme stress once they heard the screams of pain coming from the learner.[1] If at any time the subject indicated his desire to halt the experiment, he was given a succession of verbal prods by the experimenter, in this order:[1] Please continue. The experiment requires that you continue. It is absolutely essential that you continue. You have no other choice, you must go on. If the subject still wished to stop after all four successive verbal prods, the experiment wasShow MoreRelatedMilgrams Study of Obedience to Authority1244 Words   |  5 Pagesand its results were groundbreaking in psychology, surprising both psychologists and regular people alike. First I will discuss the reason for Milgrims study of obedience to authority. Then I will explain the experiment, its formulation, and its results. Finally I will cover the influence of the experiment on psychology and society. Stanley Milgrim was born in New York City in 1933, the son of European immigrants. He earned his bachelors degree in Political Sciences from Queens College, whereRead MoreStanley Milgrims Obedience to Authority Experiment Essay757 Words   |  4 PagesThe experiment performed by Stanley Milgrim at Yale University was both fascinating and thought provoking. Milgrim’s famous experiment explored â€Å"Obedience to authority.† In his experiment Milgrim explained to his students what was going to happen. He told his students that they would be the â€Å"teacher† who was going to administer a volunteered â€Å"student â€Å"a word-pairing test. Milgrim told them for every incorrect answer the â€Å"student† gave they would give a shock to the â€Å"student†. Each shock would increaseRead MoreHuman Obedience Essay example984 Words   |  4 Pagescannot say no to authority. One does not want to be socially rejected, and is willing to go against their morals, even if it means hurting another human being. An example, of dangerous authority is found in â€Å"The Pearls of Obedience† by Stanley Milgrim. Milgrim set up an experiment at Yale University to find out how much pain a person would inflict on another human being simply because they were told to do so. The experiment consists of two people, one of which would electrocute the other for everyRead MoreProcedures Used in Social Influence Research and Whether They are Ethical1333 Words   |  6 PagesProcedures Used in Social Influence Research and Whether They are Ethical Psychologists such as Asch, Zimbardo and Milgrim have used various procedures in social influence research. These procedures can be ethically questioned in terms of consent, deception, protection of participants and the right to withdraw. Asch 1951, 1982, and 1956 designed a straightforward task in which participants were presented with two cards. One card displayed a single ‘standard line’Read MoreWhy Do Good People Do Bad Things779 Words   |  4 PagesWhy do good people do bad things? (750 words) In this essay I will talk about the torturing of prisoners in Abu Ghraib. I will also write about the Stanley Milgrim Experiment and the Stanford Prison Experiment. All of these relate to one of the topics we have covered this term. There is an excellent example of uniforms influencing power in the Stanford Prison experiment which took place in1971, it was lead by Prof Zimbardo1 (see footnote) in which a group of students were selected to act as prisonRead MoreThe Perils Of Obedience By Stanley Milgram757 Words   |  4 Pagesmaximum amount of voltage possible. Milgrim first tested his experiments on Yale students. Milgrams hypothesis stated that most of the teachers would not go beyond 150 volts (only 4%), as their consciousness would intervene. The results of Milgrams first experiment was far from his prediction. When Milgram performs his first test on Yale students, many argued that the students were too competitive and aggressive the results wouldnt be accurate for the majority. Milgrim further expanded his subject poolRead MoreAll The Light We Can Not See By Anthony Doerr1253 Words   |  6 PagesConsequently, this choice made by Marie-Laure’s father was a perfect example of how Milgrim tested his hypothesis when seeing if obedience will direct a person to follow the commands of someone of â€Å"higher power†. â€Å"The essence of obedience is that a person comes to view himself as the instrument for carrying out another person s wishes, and he therefore no longer regards himself as responsible for his actions.† ( Milgrim, 1974) Authority figures play a huge role in determining the choices specific individualsRead MoreEthics – Information Systems Assignment 2 - 11981634 Executive Summary- In the 21st century,1200 Words   |  5 PagesCommissioner 2014). This law covers privacy methods such as Trade Secrets. Jenny has violated Trade Secret laws as her business has made reasonable efforts to protect the secrecy of their intellectual information by making it â€Å"secret and confidential† (Milgrim 1993) The information disclosed by Jenny contained information of economic or potential value that was not being ready ascertainable through publicised means, and thus it is considered a private trade secret (Altschuller 2004). Jennys disclosureRead MoreThe Socio-Cultural Effects of Technology on Society4293 Words   |  18 Pagesdifferent way. Agent Brown and his captive junkie Russian translator, Milgrim, are on the tail of a Cuban-Chinese Spetsnaz-trained ninja believed (rightly) by the US government to be smuggling information to an unknown entity for an unknown purpose. Brown relies on satellite information to track him, another nod to the ubiquity of information, and keeps Milgrim in the dark about his actual affiliation and intent. Milgrim experiences a big shock in his life as he boards a Jet stream to VancouverRead MoreThe Nature of Evil1897 Words   |  8 Pagespower. Blind obedience to authority is a catalyst that can cause ordinary people to commit evil. A researcher named Stanley Milgrim asked the question â€Å"could the holocaust happen in America?† He wanted to know if regular good people would electrocute an innocent purely because they were told to. People thought, no way not me I’m a good person. So to test this Milgrim conducted a series of experiments which measured the willingness of study participants to obey an authority figure who instructed

Online Restaurant Reviews And Selecting Restaurant Via...

Literature Review The online restaurant reviews have changed the style of consumers purchasing among the restaurant industry. For this reason, many scholars study the implication of online reviews in the restaurant industry (Schindler Bickart, 2012). When their expectations are met, consumers only have indirect information about the quality of a service or product until they have been purchased, and so they look for mediators to reveal this information (Parikh, Behnke, Vorvoreanu, Almanza, Nelson, 2014). The restaurant reviews present a variety of information which help the restaurant’s consumers to make selections. By reading the restaurant reviews, consumers can get more detailed information about previous consumers’ overall food and service experience (Z. Zhang, Ye, Law, Li, 2010). Also, with online reviews, the customers are aware of the restaurant before dining (Titz, Jd, Y Cruz, 2004). This study conducts to assess the role of consumer value within the existing aspects of restaurant selection and selecting restaurant via online reviews. Study focuses primarily on a looking at restaurant through the steps of online reviews. The study examines the relationship consumer value with price, service quality, food quality, atmosphere, and the role of online reviews in evaluation, and intentions to patronize the restaurant. In this way, the purpose of study is understanding the consumer restaurant choice and selection. The literature of consumer value, aspects ofShow MoreRelatedDescription Of An Australian Proprietary Company Limited2055 Words   |  9 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY Description of the Business EatingAndSleeping.com simply authenticates high-end hospitality expectations through honest written reviews and analysis. eatingandsleeping.com Pty Ltd (EatingAndSleeping.com), is a business that provides honest unbiased reviews of exclusive, or high-end, hospitality experiences for customers via its online address (site) with the same name. An Australian proprietary company limited by shares, Leigh Cheyne and Tania Cheyne jointly serve as directorsRead MoreOperations Management - Planning Control in Mcdonalds Essay2386 Words   |  10 Pageshave chosen to examine from an operations management and decision making standpoint is McDonald’s, a worldwide chain of fast food restaurants, which are run either by a franchise, an affiliate or by the corporation itself. There are over 31,000 branches of McDonald’s worldwide1. It is estimated these restaurants serve a collective 47 million customers daily2. The restaurants mainly sell customers traditional fast food fare such as burgers, cheeseburgers, French fries, fizzy drinks and milkshakes, inRead MoreOnline Restaurant Management System3622 Words   |  15 PagesONLINE RESTAURANT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ORMS) HANISAH BINTI MD TAHA This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Computer Science (Database Management) FACULTY OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA 2008 ABSTRACT Online Restaurant Management System (ORMS) is web application to restaurant management. This system wake to provide service facility to restaurant and also to the customer. The services that are providedRead MoreJob Design : Dunkin Donuts Stores Essay720 Words   |  3 Pagescoaching is vital. This requires feedback on both upward and downward channels of communication. For the purpose of this paper, Dunkin’ Donuts will be assessed and evaluated based on its job and organizational designs, criteria for recruiting and selecting for optimal efficacy, and appropriately training and appraising employees. Job Design: The job design of an organization includes the job analysis, job description and the job specification. As described in â€Å"The Five Functions of Effective Management†Read More Study Design for Customer Loyalty to Restaurants5669 Words   |  23 Pagesis found that a large range of literature regarding the topic of brand loyalty and customer satisfaction. However, there is a shortage of literature within the specific fast food industry. The study found that individuals are loyal to different restaurants for different reasons and it was thought that primary research should be conducted to further research into what should be improved by the fast food industry to maintain loyalty from customers. The study incorporates the use of an inductive researchRead MoreAnalysis of Groupon Marketing Strategy1479 Words   |  6 PagesWith the internet technology, everyone can stay at home for online shopping. What’s more, if you can enjoy daily discounts with all the information, home delivery and 24-hours daily operation, that’s all can be found by buying Groupon. Groupon, the company has successfully captured millions of online consumers throughout the world. The marketing strategy of Groupon captures the consumer behavior. Consumer buying behavior, defined as... â€Å"The buying behavior of final consumers, individual and householdsRead MoreMarketing Communication : Business And A Client2064 Words   |  9 Pages College of Online and Continuing Education, Manchester, NH 3-4 Short Paper: Textbook Project IT-503-G4054 Digital Commerce eBusiness 15TW4 Under the guidance of Professor Donald Root Submitted By Shireesha Sudula Student ID: 0987646 Marketing communication Advertising is an authoritative function and an arrangement of procedures for making, conveying and conveying quality to clients and for overseeing client connections in ways that advantage the association. Showcasing makes a boulevardRead MorePersonal Capacity Of Mr Lee3682 Words   |  15 Pages Task 1.1 Here, I am going to recognizing the competence, skill, and capacity necessities to set up my picked Chinese restaurant Chinese Aroma. There are diverse sort s territories in the restaurant where distinctive learning, abilities and aptitudes are needed. - Human Resource Management - Security - Kitchen Hand - Waiters - Chef - Accountant - Cleaner Task 1.2 Personal capacity of Mr Lee: a) Identified requirements that Mr Lee meets. As to run the business, Mr Lee must have some kindRead MoreServices Marketing Tgi Fridays Case Study Report Essay2608 Words   |  11 Pagesservice in a number of countries including Brazil, Canada, Germany and Japan. The company was founded in 1965 and is currently based in Carrollton, Texas. (Businessweek.com Accessed 12 Nov 2012). One of the primary attractions of the T.G.I Fridays restaurants is it’s over the top, theatrical dining experience that it provides to the customers. With reference to the case study, it is shown that ambience is one of the four key philosophies of the company, an ideal that is enhanced on their website throughRead MoreCase Study: Opening Your Own Dunkin Donuts Essay2744 Words   |  11 Pagescoaching is vital. This requires feedback on both upward and downward channels of communication. For the purpose of this paper, Dunkin’ Donuts will be assessed and evaluated based on its job and organizational designs, criteria for recruiting and selecting for optimal efficacy, and appropriately training and appraising employees. Job Design: The job design of an organization includes the job analysis, job description and the job specification. As described in â€Å"The Five Functions of Effective Management†

Polysemy Free Essays

Polysemy Polysemy comes from Neo-Latin polysemia, which comes from Greek polusemous [poly- (many) + sema (sign)] giving us a linguistic term, â€Å"having many meanings† or multiple meanings. Most of lex. items in English are polysemantic. We will write a custom essay sample on Polysemy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ex. : – family – She lost both of her parents. – parent – Envy is the parent of all evils. My family comes from Scotland. The cat family includes lions tigers. ( ) A family of languages, etc. There are monosemantic words: Ex. : a lorry, a loudspeaker Different meanings of one the same word are closely interrelated. Polysemy is a result of: 1. Shifts in application ( ? ) Ex. : adj. red: red ink (is really red), red hair, red deer, red cabbage, red Indian 2. Specialization: Ex. : partner Basic meaning; a type of relationship between 2 or more people. – business partner – marriage partner – partner in crime 3. Metaphorical extension (a fundamental feature of any language) Ex. : leaf of a tree – leaf of a book, hands of a person – hands of a clock Polysemy has been complicated by the tendency of words to pick up the meanings from other dialects, languages slang. Ex. : executive BrE – one who acts under the direction of somebody – AmE – a manager now: AmE meaning is more widely used. New old meanings become interrelated, form a hierarchy. They have some common semantic features, which preserve the integrity of the word. First, we have count/mass alternations for nouns, which can serve several functions: (13) Animal/meat: a. The lamb is running in the field. b. John ate lamb for breakfast. (14) Object/Stuff an object is made up: a. There is an apple on the table. b. There is apple in the salad. (15) Stuff/Kind: a. There was cheese on the table. b. Three cheeses were served. 16) Stuff/Portions: a. The restaurant served beer, and so b. we ordered three beers. Plant/food alternation: (17) a. Mary watered the fig in the garden. b. Mary ate the fig. We have alternations between containers and contained: (18) a. Mary broke the bottle. b. The baby finished the bottle. Figure/Ground reversal: (19) a. The window is rotting. b. Mary crawled throu gh the window. Product/producer alternation, e. g. newspaper, Honda: (20) a. The newspaper fired its editor. b. John spilled coffee on the newspaper. Process/result alternation: (21) a. The company’s merger with Honda will begin next fall. b. The merger will lead to the production of more cars. Alternations involving location: (22) Building/institution, e. g. university, bank (see above) (23) Place/people: a. John traveled to New York. b. New York kicked the mayer out of office. (24) Capital/government, e. g. Washington accused Havana not to do enough for the victims. Being able to distinguish between polysemy words and homonym words is not easy. Dictionaries treat cases of multiple meanings either as polysemy or as homonymy, but in fact it is not always easy to decide which one we are dealing with, and dictionaries sometimes differ in their decisions. Are â€Å"table† (furniture) and â€Å"table† (arrangement of data) two different words, or the same word with two meanings? Dictionaries usually go for the latter solution, on the grounds of a shared etymology. On the other hand, â€Å"a pupil† (in school) and the â€Å"pupil† (of the eye) are usually listed as different words; although in fact they have the same historical origin. And contrast this with the following cases of meaning variation, which illustrate polysemy: (6) a. The bank raised its interest rates yesterday. b. The store is next to the newly constructed bank. c. The bank appeared first in Italy in the Renaissance. (7) a. John crawled through the window. b. The window is closed. c. The window is made of security glass. (8) a. The farm will fail unless the drought ends soon. b. It is difficult to farm this land. (9) a. The store is open. b. The thief tried to open the door. There are two important differences: 1. First, it is immediately obvious to speakers that the meanings of a polysemous expression are related to each other. This is typically not the case for homophonous expressions, even though they may be historically related as well (cf. ome of the examples above). 2. Second, polysemy is regular. For example, we find the three meanings illustrated with bank in (6) (specific institution, building that houses the institution, and the type of the institution) with university as well. Similarly, we find the three meanings of window illustrated in (7) (path, opening, and concrete object that can close an opening) with door. Polysemy is rarely a problem for communication among people. We are so adept at using contextual cues, that we select appropriate senses of words effortlessly and uncounsiously. The sheer number of senses listed by some sources as being available to us usually comes as a surprise: out of approximately 60000 entries in webster’s seventh dictionary 21488 or almost 40 % have two or more senses. Moreover the most commonly used words tend to be polysemious. The verb run, for example, has 29 senses in webster’s furter divided into nearly 125 subsenses. These systematic aspects make polysemy an important field of study of synchronic and generative linguistics. Polysemy is a pivotal concept within disciplines such as media studies and linguistics. How to cite Polysemy, Essay examples

Professional Communication and Consumer Behave in Online Shopping

Question: How do Consumer Behave in Online Shopping? Answer: Introduction Internet plays a significant role in the regular lives of people. Online or internet shopping has been widely accepted by the people globally as it provides them with more information and satisfaction. Online shopping behaviour consists of buying process of products and services on the internet. A consumer is no longer bound by locations and time as they seek convenience to find or shop things online (Cheng and Huang 2013). This report aims to analyse the behaviour of consumers while online shopping. The behaviour is supported by several theories and frameworks. The report also focuses on the challenges of problems in relation to online consumer behaviour as not everyone prefers buying products through the internet. Recommendations are provided to enhance the online shopping behaviour of individuals so that the people can adapt well to the online shopping and shift from the traditional to the new paradigm (Hong 2015). Interpretation and Analysis of Literature The consumers shopping preferences have taken a huge turn in the marketing world. The behaviour of consumers while shopping is influenced by three Rs- research, recommendations and returns. Firstly, in case of research, the consumers tend to access product information. The consumers have inclined their interest towards buying electronics, home furnishings and automotive online as they are available at competitive or cheaper prices online (Hong 2015). Secondly, recommendations and reviews help the customers in narrowing their choices. Certain consumers find it more comfortable when they read reviews of products and services from experts or uses. Personal recommendations from users guide the consumers in purchasing products online and encourage them to make a purchase. Lastly, returns are a normal part of the shopping process that has a negative as well as positive influence on the customers. If the consumers do not like the products, having a choice of returning products can enable th e purchase decision. However, the return feature may also build a perception among the consumers that the products might be dissatisfying and if they must purchase the products online (Rose and Dhandayudham 2014). The Theory of Planned Behaviour According to the theory of planned behaviour, the individuals performance or behaviour is characterized by their intent to perform such behaviour. This theory is an extension of the theory of reasoned action in which the individuals have control over their behaviour. The theory of planned behaviour is a useful framework for explaining internet purchasing. There is direct relationship between perceived behavioural control and behaviour is considered strong and positive. The studies by Cheng and Huang (2013) have also used the theory of planned behaviour and theory of reasoned action to explain the intent towards internet purchasing. Benefits of Online Shopping Internet has revolutionized the way people shop. People prefer shopping online as it adds to convenience and saves the customers from shopping online. Cheaper prices and better deals are available online so the customers tend to research products online. The variety and offers while shopping online are vibrant that helps consumers a wide variety to choose. Prices can be compared for different brands easily and the customers do not have to visit different places to know the prices. The online shopping is less compulsive in nature and the customers buy only the products they require (Wu et al. 2014). Drawbacks of Online Shopping Privacy has been considered as one of the key reasons keeping the consumers from making online purchase. According to a study conducted by Wu (2013), privacy is one of the core reasons that dwindles trust of the consumers. The consumers doubt online purchase as they think that the information entered might be used by the companies to send them unwanted information. The studies have found a relationship between privacy concerns and trust in e-commerce related to privacy (Rose and Dhandayudham 2014). According to the studies conducted by Pappas (2016), many consumers do not trust web providers as they might trap personal information while interacting with them. As per the views of many consumers, internet shopping is perceived as ore risky than print catalogue shopping as the online companies may deceive the consumers. The recent studies established a significant correlation between online transactions and customer attitudes (Rose and Dhandayudham 2014). Factors Influencing Online Consumers Behaviour As mentioned by Wen (2013), uncertainty and consequence of a particular purchase are the two components of perceived risk. The five factors explained as under are found to be influencing the consumer behaviour in online purchase- Financial risk- According to a study conducted by Ashraf, Thongpapanl and Auh (2014), the Technology Acceptance Model examined different factors influencing online consumer behaviour. The study indicates the influence of financial risk, usefulness, convenience and attitude towards shopping. The consumers may not purchase products with heavy investment as there is high financial risk. The consumers are likely to purchase apparels or fast moving consumer goods as it has less investment (Giovanis 2011). Product performance risk- According to a study conducted by Sinha and Singh (2014) in Jordan, the relationship between social risk and time is insignificant. Product risk involves poor performance of a specific product or brand that does not meet the customer expectations. Due to inefficiency of the consumers, good quality products or brands in online stores may not be met. The researchers Sinha and Singh (2014) examined the skills of consumers to assess a particular brand or product. The features, colours, availability and other aspects can increase the product performance risk (Rose and Dhandayudham 2014). Delivery risk- As suggested by Hong (2015), product delivery risk has a positive effect if the consumers place an order with the online merchant. Therefore, to minimize product delivery risk, customers must approach the trustworthy online sellers. The customers feel safe and secure in terms of product delivery when they place order from reliable vendors. According to the study conducted by Chiu et al. (2012), the customers had less intention to shop as their might be risk in product delivery. Trust and security factor- Ghazali et al. (2015) states that trust is a psychological factor like relating to the amount of protection of website and keeping information of customers safe. It is argued that trust and security has a significant influence on behaviour of online customers. Certain customers prefer going to supermarkets and retail stores to purchase products as they do not rely on revealing financial information on the website. Breach of customer trust has a negative influence on online shopping behaviour (Rose and Dhandayudham 2014). Website design factor- Lee et al. (2016) examines that website design is one of the factors influencing online consumer behaviour. The study revealed that the consumers look for a user-friendly website that would guide them in online shopping. It was found that the categorization, colour combinations, font and designs used in the website influenced the online consumer needs positively. It is argued that if a website is easy to use, and it is simple to navigate, convenient to load webpage, and using it comfortably, there shall be greater frequency of using the website (Rose and Dhandayudham 2014). Conclusion Internet or online shopping is the latest model that can persuade the customers and retain them. A consumer is no longer bound by locations and time as they seek convenience to find or shop things online. The consumers have inclined their interest towards buying electronics, home furnishings and automotive online as they are available at competitive or cheaper prices online. If the consumers do not like the products, having a choice of returning products can enable the purchase decision. The theory of planned behaviour is a useful framework for explaining internet purchasing. Prices can be compared for different brands easily and the customers do not have to visit different places to know the prices. The consumers doubt online purchase as they think that the information entered might be used by the companies to send them unwanted information. The recent studies established a significant correlation between online transactions and customer attitudes. The consumers doubt online purchas e as they think that the information entered might be used by the companies to send them unwanted information. Recommendations Based on the above analysis and discussion, it is recommended that the consumers online behaviour can be influenced. Effective marketing strategies can be enhanced to target the appropriate consumer groups. The personal characteristics such as age, gender, life style, income status and education can influence the behaviour. Motivating factors such as convenience, availability of products and services, cost efficiency and time efficiency may be enhanced. The website must be secure to gain the trustworthiness of the customers. The willingness to buy or patronize online store can be enhanced through ensuring transaction security. The companies can also minimize the risk concern by carrying brand name such as Amazon. The brand name of the product can help improve the trust of the website. Integrated mechanism can be used to build trust in safeguarding the personal information of customers and avoiding misuse of credit card mode of payments. References Ashraf, A., Thongpapanl, N. and Auh, S., 2014. The Application of the Technology Acceptance Model Under Different Cultural Contexts: The Case of Online Shopping Adoption.Journal of International Marketing, 22(3), pp.68-93. Cheng, H. and Huang, S., 2013. Exploring antecedents and consequence of online group-buying intention: An extended perspective on theory of planned behavior.International Journal of Information Management, 33(1), pp.185-198. Chiu, C., Wang, E., Fang, Y. and Huang, H., 2012. Understanding customers' repeat purchase intentions in B2C e-commerce: the roles of utilitarian value, hedonic value and perceived risk.Information Systems Journal, 24(1), pp.85-114. Ghazali, N., Md Ariff, M., Ismail, K., Ali, A., Dawi, A. and Ishak, N., 2015. Characteristics of Trustees and Trustors Affecting Consumer Trust in Online Purchasing.Advanced Science Letters, 21(10), pp.3421-3424. Giovanis, A., 2011. Factors affecting Greek internet users' intentions to adopt online shopping: the perspective of an extended technology acceptance model.International Journal of Technology Marketing, 6(4), p.290. Hong, I., 2015. Understanding the consumer's online merchant selection process: The roles of product involvement, perceived risk, and trust expectation.International Journal of Information Management, 35(3), pp.322-336. Lee, T., Ariff, M., Zakuan, N., Sulaiman, Z. and Saman, M., 2016. Online Sellers Website Quality Influencing Online Buyers Purchase Intention.IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 131, p.012014. Pappas, N., 2016. Marketing strategies, perceived risks, and consumer trust in online buying behaviour.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 29, pp.92-103. Rose, S. and Dhandayudham, A., 2014. Towards an understanding of Internet-based problem shopping behaviour: The concept of online shopping addiction and its proposed predictors.Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(2), pp.83-89. Sinha, P. and Singh, S., 2014. Product characteristics vis--vis consumers' risk perception: a conceptual study of online shopping. IUP Journal of Marketing Management, 13(2), p.40. Wen, I., 2013. Online Shopping of Travel Products: A Study of Influence of Each Dimension of travelers' Attitudes and the Impact of travelers' Online Shopping Experiences on Their Purchase Intentions.International Journal of Hospitality Tourism Administration, 14(3), pp.203-232. Wu, I., 2013. The antecedents of customer satisfaction and its link to complaint intentions in online shopping: An integration of justice, technology, and trust.International Journal of Information Management, 33(1), pp.166-176. Wu, L., Chen, K., Chen, P. and Cheng, S., 2014. Perceived value, transaction cost, and repurchase-intention in online shopping: A relational exchange perspective.Journal of Business Research, 67(1), pp.2768-2776.